Eastern Massasauga Rattlesnake Identification
- Gray or grayish brown with dark blotches edged in white and spots down back and sides
- 18.5-30 inches long; record 39.5 inches long
- Belly blackish, not patterned
- Heavy-bodied; often found coiled
- Gives birth to live young
- Pit on each side of head between eye and nostril
- Cat-like pupils
- Wide, triangular head
- Distinct segmented rattle
- Tail thick, squarish; does not taper to a point like all other snakes in Michigan
- Does not always rattle a warning; relies on pattern and remaining motionless to go undetected
- Scales keeled; anal scale single
Look-Alike Snakes
Eastern Milk Snake (Lampropeltis triangulum triangulum)
- 24-36 inches; Record 52 inches
- Light gray or tan with brown or reddish-brown, black-bordered blotches running down back
- Young similar to adults but blotches brighter red
- Often Y- or V-shaped light marking on top of neck
- Belly white with black checkerboard pattern
- Scales smooth; anal scale single
- Lays eggs
Eastern Fox Snake (Elaphe vulpine gloydi)
- Eastern subspecies in Southeast Lower Peninsula only; western subspecies in Upper Peninsula only
- 36-54 inches; record 70.5 inches
- Yellowish to light brown with black or dark brown blotches; head reddish or orangish
- Belly yellow with black checkboard pattern
- Scales weakly keeled; anal scale divided
- Lays eggs
- Eastern subspecies is State Threatened
Eastern Hog Nose Snake (Heterodon platyrhinos)
- 20-33 inches; record 45.5 inches
- Most have dark spots/blotches on yellowish, reddish or brown background, but some solid black, brown or olive
- When threatened, spreads neck to display two prominent black eyespots on neck and hisses; may turn over and play dead
- Heavy-bodied
- Flat head with upturned snout
- Belly yellow-gray with greenish gray pattern
- Scales keeled; anal scale divided
- Lays eggs

Photo by Earl Wolf
Northern Water Snake (Nerodia sepidon)
- 24-42 inches; record 55 inches
- Light brown with dark brown or blackish blotches; older individuals may appear uniformly black
- Belly cream with irregular rows of reddish or blackish half moon crescents
- Usually found in or near water
- Scales keeled; anal scale divided
- Gives birth to live young
