Photo by Gary Reese

More Images

Key Characteristics

Stout orchid (up to 1 m) of bogs; stem leafy, with larger lanceolate leaves at base; flowers orange with a prominently fringed lower lip, clustered on a terminal stalk.

Status and Rank

• State Status: E - Endangered (legally protected)
• State Rank: S1S2 - Rank is uncertain, ranging from critically imperiled to imperiled
• Global Rank: G5 - Secure

Occurrences

County Name	Number of Occurrences	Year Last Observed
Allegan	2	1983
Bay	1	1896
Berrien	4	1987
Calhoun	2	2005
Cass	1	1986
Ionia	1	1899
Jackson	1	1893
Kalamazoo	6	2003
Kent	4	1942
Lapeer	1	1923
Livingston	3	1931
Macomb	1	1923
Monroe	1	1932
Oakland	3	1946
St. Clair	1	1903
St. Joseph	2	1936
Van Buren	2	1983
Washtenaw	4	1986

Information is summarized from MNFI's database of rare species and community occurrences. Data may not reflect true distribution since much of the state has not been thoroughly surveyed.

Natural Community Types

• Bog
• Rich tamarack swamp

Associated Plants

Sphagnum moss, sedges, leatherleaf, bog rosemary, wild calla, round leaved sundew, cotton grass, swamp-laurel, large cranberry, small cranberry, three-leaved false Solomon's seal, yellow lady's-slipper, showy lady's slipper, Labrador tea, heart-leaved twayblade, and blunt-leaf orchid, black spruce, chokecherry, larch, marsh fern, pitcher-plant, and bog birch.

Management

To preserve this species, protect wetland hydrology and natural disturbance regime. It may respond positively to prescribed fire. Agricultural field run-off should be prevented.

General Survey Guidelines

Random meander search covers areas that appear likely to have rare taxa, based on habitat and the judgement of the investigator.

Survey Methods

• Meander search

  Survey Period: From fourth week of July to fourth week of August

More Information

References

Survey References

• Elzinga, C.L., D.W. Salzer, and J.W. Willoughby. 1998. Measuring and Monitoring Plant Populations. The Nature Conservancy and Bureau of Land Management, Denver. BLM Technical Reference 1730-1. 477pp.

• Goff, G.F., G.A. Dawson, and J.J. Rochow. 1982. Site examination for Threatened and Endangered plant species. Environmental Management 6(4): 307-316

• Nelson, J.R. 1984. Rare Plant Field Survey Guidelines. In: J.P. Smith and R. York. Inventory of rare and endangered vascular plants of California. 3rd Ed. California Native Plant Society, Berkeley. 174pp.

• Nelson, J.R. 1986. Rare Plant Surveys: Techniques For Impact Assessment. Natural Areas Journal 5(3):18-30.

• Nelson, J.R. 1987. Rare Plant Surveys: Techniques for Impact Assessment. In: Conservation and management of rare and endangered plants. Ed. T.S. Elias. California Native Plant Society, Sacramento. 8pp.

Technical References

• Braun, E. L. 1967. The Monocotyledoneae of Ohio. Cat-tails to Orchids. Ohio State University Press, Columbus. 464pp.

• Case, F.W., Jr. 1987. Orchids of the Western Great Lakes Region. Revised ed. Cranbrook Institute of Science, Bull. 48. 251pp.

• Flora of North America Editorial Committee. 2002. Flora of North America, North of Mexico. Volume 26: Magnoliaphyta: Liliidae: Liliales and Orchidales. Oxford University Press, New York. 723pp.

• Gleason, H. A., and A. Cronquist. 1991. Manual of Vascular Plants of Northeastern United States and Adjacent Canada. Second edition. The New York Botanical Garden, Bronx. 910pp.

• Godfrey, R.K. and Wooten. 1981. Aquatic and Wetland Plants of Southeastern United States. Dicotyledons. University of Georgia Press, Athens. 712pp.

• Gray, A. 1950. Gray's Manual of Botany; eighth ed. Van Nostrand Reinghold, New York. 1632pp.

• Holmgren, N.H. 1998. Illustrated Companion to Gleason and Cronquist's Manual. Illustrations of the vascular plants of Northeastern United States and adjacent Canada. New York Botanical Garden, Bronx. 937pp.

• Homoya, M.A. 1993. Orchids of Indiana. Indiana University Press, Bloomington. 276pp.

• Luer, C.A. 1975. The Native Orchids of the United States and Canada, Excluding Florida. Native Orchids U.S. & Canada. Barrons Educational Series, Hauppauge.

• Swink, F. and G. Wilhelm. 1994. Plants of the Chicago Region, 4th ed. Indiana Academy of Science, Indianapolis. 921pp.

• Voss, E. G. 1972. Michigan Flora. Part I. Gymnosperms and Monocots. Bulletin of the Cranbrook Institute of Science and University of Michigan Herbarium. 488pp.

• Whiting, R.E. and P.M. Catling. 1986. Orchids of Ontario. The CanaColl Foundation, Ottawa. 169pp.

Page Citation

For assistance with this site, email mnfi@msu.edu

MSU Extension programs and materials are open to all without regard to race, color, national origin, gender, religion, age, disability, political beliefs, sexual orientation, marital status or family status.